Abstract
In the present work, we selected a polymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as an additive to improve the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation properties of Mg. 95 wt% Mg + 5 wt% PVDF (designated Mg-5PVDF) samples were prepared via milling in hydrogen atmosphere (reactive milling), and the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation characteristics of the..... More

Abstract
Although magnesium-based alloys are attractive materials for hydrogen storage applications, their activation properties, hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics, thermodynamic equilibrium parameters, and degradation characteristics must be improved for practical applications. Further, magnesium poses several risks, including explosion hazard, environmental pollution, insufficient formability, and industrial damage. To overcome these problems, CaO-added Mg alloys, also..... More

Abstract
P-type Ce/Yb-filled skutterudites were synthesized, and their charge transport and thermoelectric properties were investigated with partial double filling and charge compensation. In the case of (Ce1-zYbz)0.8Fe4Sb12 without Co substitution, the marcasite (FeSb2) phase formed alongside the skutterudite phase, but the generation of the marcasite phase was inhibited by increasing Co..... More

Abstract
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process in the steel industry is highly complicated, and subject to variations in raw material composition. During the BOF steelmaking process, it is essential to maintain the carbon content and the endpoint temperature at their set points in the liquid steel. This paper presents..... More

Abstract
Partially La/Pr-double-filled and Co-substituted (La_1−zPr_z)_0.8Fe_4−xCo_xSb₁₂ skutterudites were synthesized by encapsulated melting and vacuum hot pressing. (La,Pr)Sb₂ phases were not formed because the partial filling did not exceed the filling fraction limit, and the amount of secondary phase FeSb₂ also decreased as the Co content increased. Electrical conductivity decreased with increasing..... More

Abstract
The present paper deals with liquid-liquid extraction studies and the possible separation of light rare earths (LREs) from chloride solutions. Aromatic diluents such as benzene, toluene and xylene were tested for LREs extraction and possible separation from chloride solutions. Bis(2,4,4-triethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (trade name Cyanex^® 272) was used as an extractant..... More

Abstract
In this work, we studied the formation of partially stabilized zirconia by a high energy ball milling (HEBM) approach. Zirconia powder was mixed with 8 mol% MgO and the powder mixture was milled for 10 hours. The structural and morphological evolutions of the powder particles were studied using X-ray diffraction..... More

Abstract
Ge-doped higher manganese silicides (HMSs) MnSi_1.72–1.73:Ge_m (m = 0.01-0.04) were prepared and their thermoelectric properties were studied. HMS powders were synthesized by solid-state reaction of raw material powders (Mn, Si, and Ge) at 1273 K for 6 h in vacuum, and hot-pressed at 1173 K for 2 h under 70..... More

Abstract
This study elucidates the effects of annealing on the properties of Fe-Si-Al flakes. The changes of the DO₃ phase, the lattice parameter and the grain size of the flakes were analyzed by X-ray peak broadening and shift. Static magnetic properties, namely, coericivity and saturation magnetization, were analyzed by a vibration..... More

Abstract
This study examined the influence of nanosized aluminum nitride (AlN) powders (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, and 0.50 wt%), on an Al4047-based filler metal. Nanosized AlN powders were dispersed uniformly into the filler metal by a mechanical mixing and melting route using a stainless steel propeller. The influences of nanosized..... More

Abstract
Titanium nitride (TiN) has been used extensively in coating materials and cutting tools because of its attractive properties, which include low density, high melting point, high hardness and thermodynamic stability. However, like many ceramic materials, its low fracture toughness limits wide industrial application. The methods generally utilized to improve its..... More

Abstract
In the present study, a choline chloride(ChCl)-based ionic liquid(IL) was used as an electrolyte to confirm the characteristics of electroless tin plating. The effect of the type of additive and reducing agent, as well as the addition of complexing agent and water, on the properties of the ChCl-based IL, including..... More

Abstract
In our previous work, samples with a composition of 95 wt% Mg + 5 wt% CMC (Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt, [C₆H₇O₂(OH)_x(C₂H₂O₃Na)_y]_n) (named Mg-5 wt%CMC) were prepared through hydride-forming milling. Mg-5 wt%CMC had a very high hydrogenation rate but a low dehydrogenation rate. Addition of Ni to Mg is known to increase..... More

Abstract
TaF₅ and VCl₃ were chosen as additives to enhance the hydrogen uptake and release rates of Mg. The total content of the additives was not more than 10 wt% since too high content reduces the fraction of Mg and thus the hydrogen storage capacity of the alloys. Samples with compositions..... More

Abstract
Iodine-doped n-type Bi_2-xSb_xTe_3-ySe_y:I_m (x = 0.1–0.2, y = 0.15–0.6, and m = 0.0025–0.005) quaternary solid solutions were prepared by encapsulated melting (EM) and hot pressing (HP). The lattice constants of the resulting materials decreased with increasing Sb and Se contents, whereas the amount of I dopant was too small to..... More

Abstract
To improve the hydrogen uptake and release properties of magnesium (Mg), five weight percent of graphene was added to pre-milled Mg by milling in hydrogen (reaction-involving milling). The hydrogen uptake and release properties of the graphene-added Mg (named Mg-5graphene) were investigated. Premilling of Mg (for 24 h) and then adding..... More

Abstract
Graphite fiber attracted much attention in the area of aluminum based composite due to its low density and high strength. However, one of the major drawbacks in fabricating graphite reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) is that aluminum generally does not wet graphite. Therefore, it is difficult to impregnate the graphite..... More

Abstract
We developed a multi-scale modeling framework using the thermodynamic UW1 database of the Fe-Mn-Ni-Si quaternary system. To obtain input data for the phase-field model, such as mobility and interfacial energy data, we used DICTRA software and the TC-PRISMA package with the commercial TCFE8 and MOBFE3 databases. Using the developed framework,..... More

Abstract
(Ce_1-zNd_z)_yFe_4-xCo_xSb₁₂ skutterudites were prepared by encapsulated melting, annealing, and hot pressing. The formation of a marcasite phase (FeSb₂) was significantly suppressed by partially filling the voids with Ce/Nd and making a Co substitution at the Fe site. Both the Hall and the Seebeck coefficient values were positive, indicating that all..... More

Abstract
In this study, the extrusion behavior of Cu fill material in a through-Si-via (TSV) subjected to thermal loading was investigated. The Cu filling of the TSV was accomplished using pulse periodic reverse (PPR) electroplating. To study the extrusion, TSVs of varying via pitch were filled with Cu by electroplating. Defect-free Cu..... More

Abstract
Industrially meaningful hydrogen production process from mixture or syngas certainly must have a cooling process, which is typically pressure swing adsorption (PSA). However, the PSA process involves an exothermic reaction during adsorption. Recently, hydrogen separation research has been in progress in order to develop a cooling process to minimize or..... More

Abstract
Aluminum-induced crystallization(AIC) is one of the ways to improve characteristics of thin-film poly-crystalline (TFPC) silicon solar cell since it shows large grain size and good properties for TFPC silicon solar cell. In AIC process, aluminum is firstly deposited on foreign substrate. Then, silicon is deposited on aluminum. Annealing was done..... More

Abstract
The addition of CMC (Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt) may improve the hydriding and dehydriding properties of Mg since it has a relatively low melting point and the melting of CMC during transformation-involving milling may put the milled samples in good states to absorb and release hydrogen rapidly. Samples with compositions of..... More

Abstract
The methane reduction (MR) of SnO₂ has been proposed as a highly efficient method for recovering Sn from SnO₂ containing industrial wastes. The MR of SnO₂ also produces a mixture of H₂ and CO, which can be further utilized as a syngas for the production of various fuels through the..... More

Abstract
This study examined the effects of the Sn content in a pure active metal filler Ag-Cu-Ti for the brazing of a Cu/ Al₂O₃ joint. The optimal content of Sn to effectively wet alumina was 5 wt%. The microstructure of the brazed joint showed the presence of an Ag-rich matrix and..... More

Abstract
When 2.25Cr-1Mo steel was hot-dip aluminized, a coating consisting of (Al-rich topcoat)/(Al₁₃Fe₄ layer)/(Al₅Fe₂ layer) formed. With increment of oxidation temperature, the transform of Al→Al₁₃Fe₄→Al₅Fe₂→AlFe→AlFe₃→α-Fe(Al)→α-Fe occurred through interdiffusion between the coating and the substrate as follows. The oxidation at 700 ^oC changed the coating to (α-Al₂O₃ scale)/(α-Al₂O₃, Al₁₃Fe₄, Al₅Fe₂)-mixed layer)/(Al₅Fe₂ layer)/(AlFe..... More

Abstract
We investigated the electrical properties and gate bias stress stability of solution-processed amorphous oxide thin film transistors (TFTs) with multi-stacked active layers. With the multi-layered InZnO (In:Zn = 1:1), mobility was increased from 4.6 to 21.2 cm²V^-1s^-1 and the subthreshold swing (SS) was improved from 0.71 to 0.54 V/decade compared..... More

Abstract
Cr_25.2Al_19.5Si_4.7N_50.5 thin films were deposited on steel substrates by cathodic arc plasma deposition. They consisted of alternating fcc-Cr(Al)N/hcp-Al(Cr,Si)N nanolayers. They were corroded at 900 and 1000 ^oC for 5-100 h in N₂/0.1%H₂S gas atmosphere. Their corrosion mechanism, the structure of the formed scales, and the role of film-constituting elements during..... More

Abstract
Samples with compositions of 99 w/o MgH₂+1 w/o Zn(BH₄)₂ (designated MgH_2-1Zn(BH₄)₂) and 96 w/o MgH₂+2 w/o Zn(BH₄)₂₊2 w/o Ni (designated MgH_2-2Zn(BH₄)_2-2Ni) were prepared by milling in a planetary ball mill in a hydrogen atmosphere (reaction-involving milling). The hydrogen release properties of MgH_2- 1Zn(BH₄)₂ and MgH_2-2Zn(BH₄)_2-2Ni were compared. A larger quantity..... More

Abstract
The optimal design of electrical initiation devices for explosive charges and other high energy materials critically depends on the bridge burst or the electrical explosion of the thin-film metallic bridges. It is therefore quite important to select the right material with suitable explosion properties for the metallic bridge film. However,..... More